One of the Instructional Systems Design (ISD) model is ADDIE. This model was initially developed by Florida State University. The ADDIE
instructional design model is the generic process traditionally used by
instructional designers and training developers. The ADDIE model is at the very
core of instructional design and is the basis of instructional systems design
(ISD). Actually, most of
the current instructional design models are variations of the ADDIE process. (Ryder, n.d.).
There are various adaptations of the ADDIE model but it generally consists of five cyclical phases: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. These processes represent a dynamic, flexible guideline for building effective training and performance support tools.
Analysis:
A = The first phase of content development begins
with Analysis. the instructional problem is clarified, the instructional
goals and objectives are established, and the learning environment and
learner's existing knowledge and skills are identified.
Design:
D = The Design phase deals with learning
objectives, assessment instruments, exercises, content, subject matter
analysis, lesson planning, and media selection. The design phase should be
systematic and specific. Systematic means a logical, orderly
method of identifying, developing and evaluating a set of planned strategies
targeted for attaining the project's goals. Specific means each
element of the instructional design plan needs to be executed with attention to
details.
Development :
D = The Development phase is where
instructional designers and developers create and assemble the content assets
that were blueprinted in the design phase. The project is reviewed according to
the feedback received.
Implementation :
I = During the Implementation phase, a
procedure for training the facilitators and the learners is developed. The
training facilitators should cover the course curriculum, learning outcomes,
method of delivery, and testing procedures. Preparation of the learners
includes training them on new tools (software or hardware) and student
registration. Implementation is also evaluation of the design. This is also the
phase where the project manager ensures that the books, hands-on equipment,
tools, CD-ROMs and software are in place, and that the learning application or
website is functional.
Evaluation :
E = The Evaluation phase consists of two parts:
formative and summative. Formative evaluation is present in each stage of the
ADDIE process. Summative evaluation consists of tests designed for domain
specific criterion-related referenced items and providing opportunities for
feedback from the users which were identified.
References
Clark,
D. R. (2004). Instructional system design concept map. Apr 17, 2013 Retrieved from
http://nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/ahold/isd.html
Ryder, M., (n.d.) "Instructional design models & theories
| instructional design central." Instructional Design Central |
Instructional Designer Resources and Community Collaboration. N.p., Web. 17
Apr 2013 Retrieved from http://www.instructionaldesigncentral.com/htm/IDC_instructionaldesignmodels.htm
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